Nanomaterial Endocytosis: Quantification of Adsorption and Ingestion Mechanisms

The widespread use of nanomaterials in vaccines, therapeutics, and industrial applications creates an increasing demand for understanding their ingestion by living cells. Researchers the field have called a more robust physical/chemical particle–cell interactions means to determine particles ingested per cell. Using superparamagnetic nanobeads, we measured beads cell quantified kinetics receptor-independent endocytosis having seven surface chemistries. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-coated nanoparticles were less effectively cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells aminated than starch-coated particles. 2 4 × 105 most attractive interplay between Van der Waals coulombic potentials was on basis Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory modified include hydration repulsion using physical parameters dose–response curves inhibitors clathrin- or caveolae-dependent ingestion, how particle chemistry determines which endocytic pathway is used Such characterization can be useful predicting nanomaterial uptake medical toxicological selection chemistries receptor-dependent endocytosis.